H. (Horton) Corwin Hinshaw was a physician and pulmonary specialist; the high point of his career was his work with streptomycin, the first anti-microbial drug developed after penicillin. Streptomycin has proven to be effective in combating a variety of bacterial infections, including those that are penicillin-resistant. It was also the first drug used to treat tuberculosis successfully, although the high rate of mutation in the tuberculosis baccilli causes it to build up a resistance to the drug over time. Hinshaw and his collaborator, William H. Feldman, were nominated for the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1952, but lost out to their colleague, Selman A. Waksman, who first extracted streptomycin in the laboratory. Hinshaw subsequently had a long and distinguished career in medical research, private practice, teaching, and writing. The H. Corwin Hinshaw Papers (1925-1993) contain correspondence, research notes, and manuscripts of published and unpublished works by Hinshaw and his colleagues, as well as published papers by Hinshaw and his colleagues, particularly William H. Feldman. Also included are several videotapes of expert witness testimony and an audiotape of reminiscences. The collection covers much of Hinshaw's career, but is most particularly focused on the development of streptomycin and the treatment of tuberculosis.